The universal health insurance system is one that Japan can be proud of. It is estimated, however, that national healthcare expenditures will increase on the scale of one trillion yen every year to reach 54 trillion yen in 2025. In a society with a low-growth economy and a decreasing population, maintaining the current level of welfare constitutes nothing less than the exploitation of future generations. To achieve a sustainable healthcare system, it is necessary to incorporate incentives into the system to reduce medical costs and maintain our collective health.